Fig. 5

Analysis, by RT-qPCR, of the expression of the osteoblast marker genes ALPL (a), COL1A1 (b), RUNX2 (c), OPN (d), and human Tbx20 (e) in LV-Ctrl- and LV-Tbx20-transduced Ad-MSCs that were maintained in osteogenic differentiation medium for 7 or 14 days. Expression levels were normalized to those in untreated cells (i.e. cells cultured in normal growth medium) as mean ± SD. The GAPDH gene served as internal control. ****p< 0.0001. ***p< 0.001. **p< 0.01. ns not significant. Experiments were performed in triplicate and repeated three times