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Table 2 Classification of vertebrate species that have been reported with neoplasia

From: The occurrence of cancer in vertebrates: a mini review

Class Order Family Species Common name  
Mammalia Artiodactyla Monodontidae Delphinapterus leucas Beluga whale [1, 4,5,6,7,8]
    Monodon monoceros Narwhal [4, 6]
   Physeteridae Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale [4, 6]
   Phocoenidae Phocoena spinipinnis Burmeister’s porpoise [4, 6]
    Phocoena phocoena Harbor porpoise [4, 6, 7]
    Neophocaena phocaenoides Finless porpoise [4]
    Mirounga angustirostris Northern elephant seal [4, 7]
    Mirounga leonina Southern elephant seal [4]
   Balaenopteridae Balaenoptera physalis Fin whale [4, 7]
    Balaenoptera borealis Sei whale [4]
    Balaenoptera musculus Blue whale [4, 7]
    Megaptera novaeangliae Humpback whale [4]
   Balaenidae Balaena mysticetus Bowhead whale [4]
   Ziphiidae Mesoplodon densirostris Blainsvilles beaked whale [4]
   Kogiidae Kogia breviceps Pygmy sperm whale [4]
Mammalia Artiodactyla Delphinidae Delphinus delphis Common dolphin [4, 7]
    Lagenorhynchus obscurus Dusky dolphin [4, 6]
    Lagenorhynchus acutus Atlantic white-sided dolphin [4, 6]
    Lagenorhynchus obliquidens Pacific white-sided dolphin [4, 7]
    Tursiops truncatus Bottlenose dolphin [4, 6,7,8]
    Stenella coeruleoalba Striped dolphin [4]
    Stenella attenuata Pantropical spotted dolphin [4, 7]
    Stenella frontalis Atlantic spotted dolphin [4]
    Globicephala melaena Pilot whale [4]
    Globicephala macrorhyncus Short finned pilot whale [7]
   Iniidae Inia geoffrensis Amazon river dolphin [4, 7]
    Orcinus orca Killer whale [4, 6, 7]
   Hippopotamidae Hippopotamus amphibius Hippopotamus [34]
    Choeropsis liberiensis Pygmy hippopotamus [34]
   Giraffidae Giraffa camelopardalis Giraffe [8]
Mammalia Artiodactyla Cervidae Odocoileus virginianus White-tailed deer [8, 35]
    Dama dama Fallow deer [8]
    Capreolus capreolus Roe deer [7, 8]
    Elaphurus davidianus Pere David’s deer [7]
   Bovidae Bubalus arnee Wild water buffalo [8]
    Capra nubiana Nubian ibex [7]
    Ovis canadensis Bighorn sheep [8]
   Camelidae Camelus dromedaries Arabian camel [7]
    Lama glama Llama [36]
  Perissodactyla Equidae Equus zebra Zebra [8]
  Carnivora Otariidae Zalophus californianus Sea lion [4,5,6,7,8]
    Eumetopias jubatus Steller sea lion [4]
    Callorhinus ursinus Fur seal [4]
    Arctocephalus pusillus Brown fur seal [4]
    Arctocephalus australis South American fur seal [4]
Mammalia Carnivora Phocidae Halichoerus grypus Gray seal [4]
    Phoca vitulina geronimensis Harbor seal [4]
    Phoca hispida Ringed seal [4]
    Pagophilus groenlandicus Harp seal [4]
   Obodenidae Odobenus rosmarus Walrus [4]
   Ursidae Ursus maritimus Bear [4]
    Helarctos malayanus Sun bear [37]
   Canidae Canis lupus Wolf [6, 8]
    Canis lupus baileyi Mexican gray wolf [8, 38]
    Canis latrans Coyote [7, 8, 39]
    Vulpes vulpes Red fox [7]
    Urocyon littoralis Island fox [5,6,7,8]
   Felidae Panthera leo Lion [7, 40,41,42]
    Panthera tigris Tiger [7, 40,41,42]
    Panthera pardus Leopard [40,41,42]
Mammalia Carnivora Felidae Panthera pardus japonensis Chinese-leopard [41]
    Panthera pardus nimr Arabian leopard [43]
    Panthera onca Jaguar [8, 40, 42]
    Panthera uncia Snow leopard [5, 7, 41, 42]
    Puma concolor Cougar [40, 41]
    Acinonyx jubatus Cheetah [40, 44]
    Lynx rufus Bobcat [40, 42, 45]
    Felis canadensis Canada lynx [40]
   Mustelidae Enhydra lutris Sea otter [4]
   Procyonidae Procyon lotor Raccoon [8]
   Herpestidae Herpestes javanicus Javan mongoose [46]
    Suricata suricatta Meerkat [7]
   Tupaiidae Tupaia belangeri Northern Treeshrew [47]
   Viverridae Arctictis binturong Binturong (Bearcat) [7]
  Eulipotyphla Erinaceidae Atelerix albiventris Four-toed hedgehog [7, 37]
Mammalia Primates Hominidae Homo sapiens sapiens Human  
    Pan troglodytes Common chimpanzee [11, 48]
    Pan paniscus Bonobo [11, 48]
    Pongo pygmaeus Bornean orangutan [13, 47, 48]
    Gorilla gorilla Gorilla [36, 48]
    Gorilla beringei Eastern gorilla [4]
   Cercopithecidae Chlorocebus aethiops sobaeus Green monkey [14]
    Cercocebus atys Sooty mangabey [47]
    Trachypithecus obscurus Dusky leaf monkey [47]
    Macaca mulatta Macaque [48,49,50]
    Macaca fascicularis Long-tailed macaque [47, 50]
    Macaca fuscata Japanese macaque [47]
    Macaca arctoides Stump-tailed macaque [47]
    Macaca maura Moor macaque [47]
    Macaca sinica Toque macaque [47]
Mammalia Primates Cercopithecidae Papio spp. Baboon [12, 47, 51]
    Papio hamadryas Hamandryas baboon [47, 48, 52]
   Atelidae Ateles paniscus Black spider monkey [47]
   Galagidae Otolemur garnetti Northern greater galago [25]
   Cebidae Saimiri sciureus Common squirrel monkey [47, 50]
    Sapajus apella Tufted capuchin [47]
   Callitrichidae Callithrix jacchus Common marmoset [47]
    Saguinus fuscicollis Brown-mantled tamarin [47, 48]
    Saguinus oedipus Cotton-top tamarin [13]
    Saguinus fuscicollis ssp. leucogenys Andean Saddle-back Tamarin [47]
   Lemuridae Lemur catta Ring-tailed lemur [53]
   Aotidae Aotus trivirgatus Three-striped night monkey [53]
   Hylobatidae Hylobater lar Lar gibbon [13]
   Daubentoniidae Daubentonia madagascariensis Aye–Aye [53]
  Dasyuromorphia Dasyuridae Dasyuroides byrnei Kowari [37]
Mammalia Dasyuromorphia Dasyuridae Dasyurus viverrinus Eastern quoll [37]
    Dasyurus maculatus Tiger quoll [37]
    Dasyurus hallucatus Northern quoll [37]
    Sarcophilus harisii Tasmanian devil [6,7,8, 15, 17]
  Monotremata Trachyglossidae Tachyglossus aculeatus Short-beaked echidna [54]
  Peramelemorphia Peramelidae Perameles bougainville W. barred bandicoot [5, 6, 8]
  Didelphimorphia Didelphidae Didelphis virginiana Virginia opossum [7]
    Monodelphis domestica Gray short-tailed opossum [15, 25]
  Diprotodontia Phascolarctidae Phascolarctos cinereus Koala [8, 55]
  Proboscidea Elephantidae Elephas maximus Asian elephant [7, 25]
    Loxodonta africana African elephant [1, 7, 25]
  Perissodactyla Rhinoceratoidae Diceros bicornis Black rhinoceros [7, 8]
    Ceratotherium simum White rhinoceros [8]
   Tapiridae Tapirus sp. Tapir [8]
  Sirenia Trichechidae Tricherus manatus Manatee [4, 6, 8]
Mammalia Rodentia Sciuridae Marmota monax Groundhog [6, 7]
    Spermophilus richardsonii Richardson’s ground squirrel [37]
   Echimyidae Myocastor coypus Coypu [7]
  Lagomorpha Leporidae Sylvilagus spp Cottontail rabbit [7]
    Lepus townsendii White-tailed jackrabbit [7]
  Chiroptera Pteropodidae Rousettus aegyptiacus Egyptian fruit bat [56, 57]
   Vespertilionidae Antrozous pallidus Pallid bat [57]
   Phyllostomidae Carollia perspicillata Seba’s short bat [57]
Aves Galliformes Phasianidae Tympanuchus cupido attwateri Attwater’s prairie chicken [6]
    Lophura rufa Vieilott’s fireback pheasant [58]
    Phasianus colchicus Common pheasant [8]
  Psittaciformes Psittacidae Amazona amazonica Orange-winged parrot [18]
    Ara ararauna Blue-yellow macaw [18]
    Ara chloropterus Red-green macaw [18]
Aves Psittaciformes Psittacidae Psittacus erithacus Grey parrot [18]
    Agapornis sp. Lovebird [18]
    Aratinga solstitialis Sun conure [18]
    Aratinga nenday Nanday conure [18]
    Forpus coelestris Pacific parrotlet [18]
    Brotogeris pyrrhoptera Grey-cheeked parakeet [18]
   Cacatuidae Nymphicus hollandicus Cockatiel [18]
    Cacatua moluccensis Moluccan cockatoo [18]
   Psittaculidae Trichoglossus moluccanus Rainbow lorikeet [18]
    Melopsittacus undulatus Budgerigar [18, 59]
    Eclectus roratus Eclectus parrot [18]
    Psittacula krameri Rose-ringed parakeet [60]
  Passeriformes Estrildidae Erythrura gouldiae Lady gouldian finch [18]
   Cardinalidae Cardinalis cardinalis Northern cardinal [18]
Aves Anseriformes Anatidae Anas castanea Chestnut teal [18]
    Alopochen aegyptiaca Egyptian goose [18]
  Strigiformes Strigidae Ninox strenua Powerful owl [18]
    Megascops sp. Screech owl [18]
    Bubo virginianus Great horned owl [18, 61]
    Bubo scandiacus Snowy owl [18]
    Strix varia Barred owl [18]
  Falconiformes Falconidae Falco peregrinus Peregrine falcon [18]
    Falco sparverinus American kestrel [18]
  Sphenischiformes Sphenischidae Spheniscus demersus African penguin [62]
    Spheniscus humboldti Humboldt penguin [18]
  Procellariiformes Procellariidae Fulmarus glacialis Northern fulmar [8]
  Rheiformes Rheidae Rhea americana araneipes Greater rhea [63]
  Phoenicopterifromes Phoenicopteridae Phoenicopterus ruber American flamingo [64]
Reptilia Testudines Cheloniidae Chelonia mydas Green sea turtle [6, 8]
    Dermochelys coriacea Leatherback sea turtle [6]
    Lepidochelys kempii Kemp’s ridley sea turtle [6]
    Eretmochelys imbricata Hawksbill sea turtle [6]
    Caretta caretta Loggerhead sea turtle [19]
   Geoemydidae Cuora flavomarginata Chinese box turtle [65]
    Melanochelys trijuga Indian black turtle [20]
   Testudinidae Testudo hermanni Hermann’s tortoise [19]
    Geochelone platynota Burmese star tortoise [19]
   Emydidae Pseudemys concinna River cooter [20]
   Trionychidae Apalone spinifera spinifera Spiny soft shell turtle [20]
    Apalone ferox Florida shoftshell turtle [19]
   Pelomedusidae Pelusios subniger African mud turtle [20]
   Chelidae Chelodina longicollis Common snake-necked turtle [20]
    Chelodina oblonga Northern snake-necked turtle [20]
Reptilia Squamata Scincidae Corucia zebrata Solomon island skink [20]
    Eugongylus albofasciolatus Solomon island ground skink [20]
    Eumeces fasciatus Five-lined skink [20]
    Plestiodon laticeps Broad-headed skink [20]
    Tiliqua rugosa Shingleback skink [20]
   Cordylidae Cordylus warreni Warren’s girdle lizard [20]
   Anguidae Pseudopus apodus European legless lizard [20]
   Shinisauridae Shinisaurus crocodilurus Crocodile lizard [20]
   Eublepharidae Eublepharis macularius Leopard gkeko [20]
   Helodermatidae Heloderma horridum Mexican beaded lizard [20]
    Heloderma suspectum Gila monster [20]
   Agamidae Pogona vitticeps Bearded dragon [21]
    Hydrosaurus amboinensis East Indian water lizard [19]
   Iguanidae Iguana iguana Green iguana [19, 20]
    Ctenosaura pectinata Mexican spiny-tailed iguana [20]
Reptilia Squamata Varanidae Varanus exanthematicus Savannah monitor [19]
    Varanus timorensis Spotted tree monitor [13]
   Viperidae Vipera xanthina Ottoman viper [66]
    Macrovipera lebetina Lebetine viper [20]
    Bitis gabonica Gaboon viper [66]
    Bitis nasicornis Rhinoceros viper [20]
    Bitis gabonica rhinoceros West African gaboon viper [20]
    Bothrops alternatus Urutu [66]
    Sistrurus miliarius miliarius Pygmy rattlesnake [20]
    Crotalus horridus Timber rattlesnake [66]
    Crotalus adamanteus Eastern diamondback rattlesnake [20]
    Crotalus lepidus Rock rattlesnake [20]
    Crotalus atrox Western diamondback rattlesnake [66]
    Crotalus scutulatus Mojave rattlesnake [66]
    Crotalus simus Yucatan neotropical rattlesnake [66]
Reptilia Squamata Viperidae Antheris sp. Bush viper [66]
    Bothriechis lateralis Side-striped viper [66]
    Agkistrodon piscivorus Cottonmouth [20, 66]
    Agkistrodon contortrix laticinctus Broad-banded copperhead [66]
    Agkistrodon contortrix Copperhead [66]
   Colubridae Pantherophis guttacus Corn snake [20, 21, 66]
    Elaphe (Pantherophis) obsoleta Black rat snake [20, 66]
    Pantherophis bairdi Baird’s ratsnake [20]
    Pituophis melanoleucus Pine snake [20, 66]
    Pituophis deppei Mexican bull snake [20]
    Pituophis catenifer sayi Bull snake [20]
    Coluber constrictor Black racer [20, 66]
    Lampropeltis elapsoides Scarlet kingsnake [20, 66]
    Lampropeltis calligaster Yellow-bellied kingsnake [66]
Reptilia Squamata Colubridae Lampropeltis getula Kingsnake [19,20,21]
    Heterodon kennerlyi Mexican hognose snake [66]
    Heterodon platirhinos Eastern hognose snake [20]
    Drymarchon couperi Eastern indigo snake [66]
    Thamnophis sauritus Ribbon snake [21]
    Thamnophis radix Plains garter snake [20]
    Thamnophis sirtalis Common garter snake [21]
    Clelia clelia Mussurana [20]
    Gonyosoma oxycephalum Arboreal ratsnake [20]
    Natrix natrix Grass snake [21]
   Boidae Boa constrictor Common boa [21]
    Corallus hortulanus Amazon tree boa [66]
    Eunectes murinus Common anaconda [19]
    Eunectes notaeus Yellow anaconda [20]
Reptilia Squamata Boidae Epicrates cenchria Rainbow boa [20]
    Epicrates chrysogaster Turks island boa [20]
    Candoia bibroni Pacific tree boa [20]
    Lichanura trivirgata Rosy boa [20]
    Chilabothrus subflavus Jamaican boa [21]
   Elapidae Pseudechis australis King brown snake [66]
    Aspidelaps scutatus Shield-nosed cobra [66]
    Dendroaspis polylepis Black mamba [66]
    Naja haje Egyptian cobra [66]
    Naja melanoleuca Forest cobra [20]
    Naja nivea Cape cobra [20]
   Pythonidae Morelia spilota Carpet python [21, 66]
    Python regius Ball python [20]
    Bothrochilus albertisii D’albertis python [20]
Reptilia Squamata Pythonidae Aspidites melanocephalus Black-headed python [21]
   Loxocemidae Loxocemus bicolor Mexican python [20]
   Lamprophiidae Boaedon fuliginosus African house snake [21]
  Crocodilia Crocodilidae Crocodylus porosus Saltwater crocodile [67]
    Crocodylus niloticus Nile crocodile [67]
    Crocodylus acutus American crocodile [67]
    Crocodylus siamensis Siamese crocodile [67]
   Alligatoridae Alligator mississippiensis American alligator [67]
Amphibia Anura Ranidae Rana pipiens Northern leopard frog [6]
   Hylidae Trachycephalus resinifictrix Golden-eye tree frog [6, 68]
  Caudata Salamandridae Triturus cristatus N. crested newt [32]
Actinopterygii Salmoniformes Salmonidae Salmo salar Salmon [6, 8]
    Salvelinus fontinalis Brook trout [69]
    Salvelinus namaycush Lake trout [69]
Actinopterygii Salmoniformes Salmonidae Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Chinook salmon [69]
    Oncorhynchus keta Chum salmon [69]
    Oncorhynchus masou Masu salmon [69]
  Pleuronectiformes Pleuronectidae Parophrys vetulus English sole [6]
  Anguilliformes Anguillidae Anguilla japonica Japanese eel [6]
  Gadiformes Gadidae Melanogrammus aeglefinus Haddock [69]
  Scorpaeniformes Sebastidae Sebastolobus alascanus Shortspine thornyhead [69]
  Perciformes Percidae Sander vitreus Walleye [6]
   Sciaenidae Micropogonias furnieri Whitemouth croaker [69]
   Labridae Tautogolabrus adspersus Cunner [69]
   Sparidae Sparus aurata Gilthead seabream [69]
    Acanthopagrus bifasciatus Twobar seabream [69]
   Cichlidae Pterophyllum scalare Freshwater angelfish [69]
    Cichla monoculus Peacock bass [69]
Actinopterygii Siluriformes Ictaluridae Ictalurus punctatus Channel catfish [6, 69]
    Ameiurus melas Black bullhead [69]
    Ameiurus nebulosus Brown bullhead [69]
  Cypriniformes Catostomidae Catostomus commersonii White sucker [6]
  Cyprinodontiformes Cyprinodontidae Cyprinodon variegatus Sheepshead minnow [69]
    Cyprinus caprio caprio Common carp [69]
   Poeciliidae Xiphophorus variatus Variatus platy [70]
Chondrichthyes Lamniformes Odontaspididae Carcharias taurus Tiger shark [69,70,71]
   Lamnidae Carcharodon carcharias White shark [10]
  Carcharhiniformes Carcharhinidae Prionace glauca Blue shark [69,70,71,72]
    Carcharhinus leucas Bull shark [70]
    Carcharhinus limbatus Blacktip shark [70, 71]
    Carcharhinus brachyurus Cooper shark [10]
   Sphyrnidae Sphyrna tiburo Bonnethead [71]
Chondrichthyes Lamniformes Triakidae Mustelus canis Dusky smooth-hound [70]
   Scyliorhinidae Scyliorhinus canicula Lesser spotted shark [69, 70]
  Orectolobiformes Hemiscylliidae Chiloscyllium plagiosum Whitespotted bamboo shark [9]
   Ginglymostomatidae Ginglymostoma cirratum Nurse shark [70, 71]
    Nebrius ferrugineus Tawny nurse shark [70]
   Stegostomatidae Stegostoma fasciatum Zebra shark [7, 70]
  Squaliformes Squalidae Squalus acanthias Spiny dogfish [71]
  Rajifomes Rajidae Raja clavata Thornback ray [69, 70, 72]
    Raja batis Common skate [70]
  Myliobatiformes Urotrygonidae Urobatis halleri Round stingray [72]
   Potamotrygonidae Potamotrygon motoro Ocellate river stringray [71]
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